(25+)Biomolecules, (25+)Atoms

Biomolecules focusing on bioelements in the body, their amounts, types, and related aspects for your exam preparation:

1. Which of the following is the most abundant element in the human body by weight?

A) Oxygen  

B) Carbon  

C) Hydrogen  

D) Nitrogen  

Ans - A  

2. What is the approximate percentage of water in the human body?

A) 40-50%  

B) 50-60%  

C) 60-70%  

D) 70-80%  

Ans - C  

3. Which element is most abundant in the Earth's crust but is not the most abundant in the human body?

A) Carbon  

B) Hydrogen  

C) Silicon  

D) Oxygen  

Ans - C  

4. Which of the following is NOT a trace element in the human body?

A) Iron  

B) Calcium  

C) Zinc  

D) Copper  

Ans - B  

5. Sulfur is an essential element in which biomolecules?

A) Lipids  

B) Proteins  

C) Carbohydrates  

D) Nucleic acids  

Ans: - B  

6. Which biomolecule primarily contains phosphorus?

A) Proteins  

B) Lipids  

C) Nucleic acids  

D) Carbohydrates  

Ans - C  

7. The ratio of hydrogen to oxygen in carbohydrates is generally:

A) 1:2  

B) 2:1  

C) 3:2  

D) 1:1  

Ans - B  

8. Which of the following ions is most important for muscle contraction?

A) Sodium  

B) Potassium  

C) Calcium  

D) Magnesium  

Ans - C  

9. Which of the following is a micronutrient required in trace amounts?

A) Calcium  

B) Magnesium  

C) Selenium  

D) Phosphorus  

Ans - C

10. The most abundant cation in extracellular fluid is:

A) Sodium  

B) Potassium  

C) Calcium  

D) Magnesium  

Ans - A  

11. Which mineral is primarily responsible for oxygen transport in the blood?

A) Copper  

B) Iron  

C) Zinc  

D) Magnesium  

Ans - B  

12. A deficiency of iodine affects which gland in the human body?

A) Adrenal gland  

B) Pituitary gland  

C) Thyroid gland  

D) Pancreas  

Ans - C  

13. Which of the following is an essential amino acid?

A) Glycine  

B) Methionine  

C) Proline  

D) Tyrosine  

Ans - B  

14. The buffering capacity of blood is primarily maintained by:

A) Sodium bicarbonate  

B) Ammonia  

C) Urea  

D) Sulfate ions  

Ans - A  

15. Which of the following contains the highest energy per gram? 

A) Proteins  

B) Carbohydrates  

C) Lipids  

D) Nucleic acids  

Ans - C  

16. The primary storage form of energy in the human body is:

A) Glucose  

B) ATP  

C) Glycogen  

D) Lipids  

Ans - D  

17. The major component of the cell membrane is:

A) Proteins  

B) Cholesterol  

C) Phospholipids  

D) Carbohydrates  

Ans - C  

18. Which of the following vitamins is fat-soluble?

A) Vitamin C  

B) Vitamin D  

C) Vitamin B12  

D) Vitamin B6  

Ans -  B

19. The disaccharide sucrose is composed of:

A) Glucose + Glucose  

B) Glucose + Fructose  

C) Glucose + Galactose  

D) Fructose + Galactose  

Ans - B  

20. Which nucleotide is the energy currency of the cell?

A) GTP  

B) ATP  

C) CTP  

D) TTP  

Ans -  B  

21. The process of converting glucose to pyruvate is called:

A) Glycolysis  

B) Gluconeogenesis  

C) Glycogenolysis  

D) Krebs cycle  

Ans -  A  

22. The most abundant protein in the human body is:

A) Actin  

B) Myosin  

C) Collagen  

D) Hemoglobin  

Ans - C  

23. Which of the following is a polysaccharide?

A) Maltose  

B) Glycogen  

C) Lactose  

D) Sucrose  

Ans - B  

24. The main constituent of hemoglobin responsible for oxygen binding is:

A) Globin  

B) Heme  

C) Iron  

D) Magnesium  

Ans - C  

25. Which of the following biomolecules are NOT found in cell membranes?

A) Phospholipids  

B) Cholesterol  

C) Glycoproteins  

D) Starch  

Ans - D

Detailed MCQs on 'Atoms' in the context of biomolecules addressing structure, types, properties, and their relevance to biomolecular systems:

1. The basic unit of matter is:  

A) Molecule  

B) Atom  

C) Ion  

D) Compound  

Ans -  B  

2. Which subatomic particle determines the atomic number of an element?

A) Electron  

B) Neutron  

C) Proton  

D) Positron  

Ans - C  

3. The valency of an atom is determined by:

A) The number of protons  

B) The number of neutrons  

C) The number of electrons in the outermost shell  

D) The atomic weight  

Ans - C  

4. Which type of bond is formed by the sharing of electrons between atoms?

A) Ionic bond  

B) Covalent bond  

C) Hydrogen bond  

D) Van der Waals interaction  

Ans -  B  

5. Which element's atom is the backbone of all biomolecules?

A) Oxygen  

B) Hydrogen  

C) Carbon  

D) Nitrogen  

Ans - C  

6. How many electrons does a carbon atom have in its outermost shell?**  

A) 2  

B) 4  

C) 6  

D) 8  

Ans - B  

7. The atomic mass of an element is determined by:

A) Protons and electrons  

B) Neutrons and electrons  

C) Protons and neutrons  

D) Only protons  

Ans - C  

8. The isotope of hydrogen that contains one neutron is called:

A) Protium  

B) Deuterium  

C) Tritium  

D) Hydroxide  

Ans - B  

9. What type of atoms are commonly involved in hydrogen bonding in biomolecules?

A) Carbon and hydrogen  

B) Oxygen and hydrogen  

C) Hydrogen and nitrogen  

D) Both B and C  

Ans -  D  

10. Which property of water is due to its polar covalent bonds?

A) High boiling point  

B) Surface tension  

C) Solvent property  

D) All of the above  

Ans - D  

11. In an ionic bond, the atom that gains electrons becomes:

A) A cation  

B) An anion  

C) Neutral  

D) A molecule  

Ans - B  

12. The atomic number of oxygen is 8. How many covalent bonds can it form?

A) 1  

B) 2  

C) 3  

D) 4  

Ans - B  

13. What is the term for different forms of the same element with different numbers of neutrons?

A) Isotopes  

B) Ions  

C) Allotropes  

D) Molecules  

Ans - A  

14. Which of the following atoms does NOT follow the octet rule?

A) Hydrogen  

B) Oxygen  

C) Nitrogen  

D) Chlorine  

Ans - A  

15. The electronegativity of an atom affects:

A) Covalent bond strength  

B) Polarity of bonds  

C) Hydrogen bonding  

D) All of the above  

Ans - D  

16. The bond angle in a water molecule is approximately: 

A) 90°  

B) 104.5°  

C) 120°  

D) 180°  

Ans - B  

17. Which element is a common trace element found in biomolecules?

A) Iron  

B) Magnesium  

C) Zinc  

D) All of the above  

Ans - D  

18. Which property of carbon allows it to form large and complex biomolecules?

A) High electronegativity  

B) Ability to form four covalent bonds  

C) Small atomic size  

D) Both B and C  

Ans -  D  

19. The ability of an atom to attract electrons is measured by:

A) Ionization energy  

B) Electronegativity  

C) Atomic radius  

D) Electron affinity  

Ans - B  

20. Which of the following is NOT a major element in biomolecules?

A) Sodium  

B) Carbon  

C) Hydrogen  

D) Nitrogen  

Ans - A  

21. The strongest chemical bond in biological systems is typically:

A) Hydrogen bond  

B) Ionic bond  

C) Covalent bond  

D) Van der Waals interaction  

Ans - C  

22. Which atom in biomolecules is most responsible for hydrophobic interactions?

A) Hydrogen  

B) Carbon  

C) Oxygen  

D) Phosphorus  

Ans - B  

23. The atomic configuration of an atom can be described by:

A) Its position in the periodic table  

B) The arrangement of its electrons in energy shells  

C) Its mass number  

D) Both A and B  

Ans - D  

24. The number of covalent bonds an atom can form is determined by:

A) The number of electrons in its outer shell  

B) The atomic number  

C) The atomic mass  

D) The electronegativity  

Ans - A  

25. Which element is unique for being able to form single, double, and triple bonds?

A) Oxygen  

B) Nitrogen  

C) Carbon  

D) Phosphorus  

Ans - C